What is a Gambling Problem?
Gambling is an activity in which people place something of value (usually money) at risk on an event involving chance, with the possibility of winning a larger amount of money. This can be done in many ways – with lottery tickets, cards, fruit machines, slot machines, scratchcards, sports betting or casino games. There is a strong biological basis for gambling behaviour, as certain brain regions appear to be involved in processing reward information and impulse control. There is also a high risk of addiction among those who are genetically predisposed to thrill-seeking and impulsivity.
Problem gamblers are often able to recognize that their behaviour is harmful and that they need help, but they may try to minimise it or deny the extent of their problem. They can become secretive about their gambling and hide evidence of it from family members and friends. They can also feel a sense of shame and guilt about their gambling and become depressed or anxious.
There are a number of things that can be done to help someone with a gambling problem, including psychotherapy, counselling and support groups like Gamblers Anonymous. However, the best way to help a loved one with a gambling disorder is to speak up and encourage them to seek treatment as soon as possible. This can help them to stop their gambling and take control of their lives again.
The term “problem gambler” is used to refer to those who meet the criteria for a diagnosis of pathological gambling in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association. This definition has evolved over time, reflecting changes in understanding of the nature and consequences of problematic gambling, as well as in the knowledge about the processes that underlie it.
A person who has a gambling problem has significant problems with gambling that affect his or her life, work or relationships. These include:
A gambling disorder is characterised by persistent and compulsive gambling, even in the face of negative consequences. This is a serious condition that can lead to financial ruin and personal misery. It is estimated that about 2.5 million adults in the United States have a gambling disorder and that another 5-8 million have mild to moderate problems. The incidence of gambling disorders is higher in men than women, and younger people are more susceptible. In addition, people with lower incomes are more likely to develop a gambling disorder. This may be due to a combination of factors, such as recreational interest, poor judgment, diminished mathematical skills, cognitive distortions, mental illness and low social capital. There are no medications available to treat gambling disorder, but psychotherapy can be effective in reducing problem gambling behaviours. Psychotherapy is a term for a range of treatments that involve talking with a trained mental health professional, such as a psychologist or clinical social worker. These types of therapies can help a person with gambling disorder to change their unhealthy thoughts and behaviours and cope more effectively with stressors in their lives.